Kuva mubitekerezo kugeza kurema: Uruhare rwo gucapa 3D mugutezimbere ibicuruzwa

Icapiro rya 3D ni iki?

Icapiro rya 3D ninzira yo gukora ikubiyemo gukora ibintu bifatika bivuye mubishushanyo mbonera. Ikoresha uburyo-ku-buryo, aho ibikoresho byongewemo icyarimwe icyarimwe kugeza ibicuruzwa byanyuma bibaye. Iri koranabuhanga rimaze imyaka irenga mirongo itatu ariko riherutse kwamamara cyane kubera kuboneka no guhendwa.

Igikorwa cyo gucapa 3D gitangirana no gukora igishushanyo cya digitale ukoresheje software ifashwa na mudasobwa (CAD) cyangwa tekinoroji yo gusikana 3D. Iyi dosiye ya digitale noneho yoherejwe kuri printer ya 3D, isoma amabwiriza hanyuma igatangira inzira yo gucapa. Ukurikije ibikoresho byakoreshejwe, printer irashobora gushonga, gukiza, cyangwa guhambira ibice byibikoresho hamwe kugirango habeho ikintu gikomeye.

Hariho ubwoko bwinshi bwa tekinoroji ya 3D yo gucapa, buri kimwe gifite umwihariko wacyo wibyiza kandi bigarukira. Bumwe muburyo buzwi burimo Fuse Deposition Modeling (FDM), Stereolithography (SLA), hamwe no Guhitamo Laser Sintering (SLS). Ubu buhanga butandukanye mubikoresho byakoreshejwe, umuvuduko wo gucapa, nurwego rurambuye bashobora kugeraho.

Icapiro rya 3D ntabwo rigarukira gusa kubintu runaka; irashobora gukorana na plastiki, ibyuma, ububumbyi, ndetse nuduce twabantu. Iyi mpinduramatwara ituma iba igikoresho cyiza cyane mugutezimbere ibicuruzwa kuko byemerera gukora prototypes igoye kandi ikora.

Inyungu zo gucapa 3D mugutezimbere ibicuruzwa

Kwinjiza icapiro rya 3D mugutezimbere ibicuruzwa byahinduye uburyo ibicuruzwa byateguwe, byandikwa, kandi bikozwe. Dore zimwe mu nyungu zingenzi zituma iba igikoresho cyingenzi mugutezimbere ibicuruzwa:

Kwandika byihuse: Hamwe nuburyo gakondo bwo gukora, gukora prototype birashobora gufata ibyumweru cyangwa amezi. Icapiro rya 3D ryemerera gukora byihuse kandi bihendutse kubyara prototypes, bituma abashushanya kugerageza no kunonosora ibitekerezo byabo muminsi mike.

Ikiguzi-Cyiza: Icapiro rya 3D rivanaho gukenera ibicuruzwa bihenze cyangwa ibikoresho, bigatuma biba uburyo buhendutse kubikorwa bito bito bito. Igabanya kandi guta ibikoresho, kuko gusa ibikoresho bisabwa bikoreshwa mugucapa.

Igishushanyo mbonera: Uburyo butandukanye bwo gucapa 3D butuma ibishushanyo bigoye kandi bigoye bidashoboka kugerwaho hamwe nuburyo gakondo bwo gukora. Ihinduka rifasha abashushanya gusunika imipaka yo guhanga no guhanga udushya.

Igihe cyihuse cyo kwisoko: Hamwe na prototyp yihuta kandi igabanya ibihe byo kuyobora, icapiro rya 3D ryihutisha cyane iterambere ryibicuruzwa, amaherezo bikavamo igihe cyihuse cyo kwisoko. Ibi biha ibigo amahirwe yo guhatana kandi bikabemerera gukomeza imbere yaya marushanwa.

Guhitamo: Icapiro rya 3D rituma bishoboka kubyara ibicuruzwa byabigenewe bijyanye nibyo abakiriya bakeneye. Uru rwego rwo kwihindura mbere byari bigoye kandi bihenze kubigeraho hamwe nuburyo gakondo bwo gukora.

Porogaramu zo gucapa 3D mugutezimbere ibicuruzwa ni binini kandi biratandukanye, hamwe nuburyo bushya buboneka buri munsi. Bimwe mubisanzwe bikunze gukoreshwa harimo:

Kwandika: Nkuko byavuzwe haruguru, prototyping yihuse nimwe mubikorwa byambere byo gucapa 3D mugutezimbere ibicuruzwa. Iyemerera abashushanya gusubiramo byihuse no gutunganya ibishushanyo byabo, bikavamo ibicuruzwa byiza byanyuma.

Ibice by'imikorere Umusaruro: Icapiro rya 3D naryo rikoreshwa mugukora ibice bikora bikoreshwa mubicuruzwa byanyuma. Ibi birimo ibice byimashini, ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki, ndetse nibikoresho byubuvuzi.

Ibicuruzwa byabaguzi byihariye: Hamwe no kuzamuka kwa e-ubucuruzi nibicuruzwa byihariye, icapiro rya 3D ryabaye uburyo buzwi bwo gukora ibicuruzwa byabigenewe. Isosiyete irashobora noneho gukora ibicuruzwa byihariye kandi byihariye mubipimo, biha abakiriya amahitamo menshi no kugenzura ibyo baguze.

Ibikoresho byo gukora: Icapiro rya 3D rirashobora kandi gukoreshwa mugukora ibikoresho byo gukora nka jigs, fixture, na mold. Ibi ntibigabanya ibihe byo kuyobora gusa ahubwo binemerera guhitamo ibyo bikoresho kugirango bikemure umusaruro ukenewe.

Gusaba Ubuvuzi: Icapiro rya 3D ryateye imbere cyane mubuvuzi, ryemerera gukora prothètique yihariye, gushiramo, ndetse nuduce twabantu. Yahinduye kandi gahunda yo kubaga no guhugura mugukora moderi ya 3D yukuri ya anatomiya y'abarwayi.

Guhuza icapiro rya 3D mugutezimbere ibicuruzwa byahinduye inzira gakondo yo gukora muburyo butandukanye:

Yagabanije igihe nigiciro kigira uruhare mukubyara prototypes nibice bikora. Ibi bituma ibigo bigerageza vuba no kunonosora ibitekerezo byabo, bikavamo ibicuruzwa byiza byanyuma.

Icapiro rya 3D ryafunguye uburyo bushya bwo gushushanya mu kwemerera gukora ibishushanyo bigoye kandi bigoye byahoze bigoye cyangwa bidashoboka gukora hakoreshejwe uburyo gakondo. Ibi byatumye habaho udushya no guhanga udushya mu nganda zitandukanye.

Hamwe nubushobozi bwo gukora ibicuruzwa byabigenewe ku gipimo, icapiro rya 3D naryo ryahinduye umubano hagati yubucuruzi n’abaguzi. Abakiriya ubu bafite igenzura ryinshi kubyo baguze, biganisha ku kunyurwa no kuba inyangamugayo.

Gukoresha icapiro rya 3D mubikoresho byo gukora nibikoresho byateje imbere imikorere n'umusaruro mubikorwa. Jigs yihariye, imiterere, hamwe nibishusho byemerera umusaruro mwiza, kugabanya amakosa no kuzamura ireme muri rusange.

Byongeye kandi, icapiro rya 3D naryo ryagize uruhare runini mubuvuzi mugukora uburyo bugoye bwo kubaga no kugabanya igihe cyambere mugukora ibikoresho byubuvuzi. Ibi byavuyemo ibisubizo byiza byabarwayi no kunoza serivisi zita kubuzima.

Ikindi kandi inyungu nyamukuru yo gucapa 3D ni uko itanga umusaruro ukenewe, kugabanya ibikenerwa mu bubiko bunini no kugabanya ingaruka zo kubyara umusaruro mwinshi. Ibi biganisha ku buryo burambye bwo gukora no kugabanya imyanda murwego rwo gutanga.